Consume Product

Thats completely false and flawed in the extreme. Your silly example doesn't stop specialization at all, and a NATION shouldn't be hyper specialized to the point it can't survive without export and import anyways. You also forget the simple market pressures of SUPPLY AND DEMAND. Oh, you want my widget? I make it in China and it's ten bucks. It costs me 7 in manufacturing and shipping. I make 3 dollars profit. Oh, you want to put a 100% tarrif on it? That's 20 dollars and I make three bucks, OR I move my manufacturing to your country, which is where my DEMAND is, it costs me 9 bucks to make it there, and I sell it for 12, maintaining my profits, undercutting my Chinese competitors prices, and creating jobs in the local economy. Or better yet, I sell it for 15 and DOUBLE my profits while generating tax revenue and economic growth for the nation.

This is 5th grade level economics. It isn't hard to understand. Companies move SUPPLY production to the most ECONOMICALLY PROFITABLE PLACE, and can only sell where DEMAND is. They don't care if it's made in Taiwan or Toledo Ohio, as long as it makes the best fiscal sense. If you don't have high demand, then you don't matter, but WE DO. No company in the world wants to lose America as a customer, and if they do decide to maintain foreign production, then a new company WILL be founded domestically to compete because there will be DEMAND for their SUPPLY.