In fact. For most of human history. The only respective form of wealth was land ownership and farming.
Having said all that, there is a legitimate case to be made for mercantilism: for example, innovation, is not spontaneous, most introduction of technologies like the plow, or bronze, or the loom, etc, were not “incubated” in multiple cultures across the globe, but introduced by more advance cultures through trade (read white people)
A feudal system designed to stop warring tribes from tearing apart the country and slathered together with Shintoism.
It was the tax structure that mattered, which merchants generate a lot of, and why they were at the bottom.. the "moral purity" aspect is just gay samurai shit.
The merchants were still super wealthy in urban areas.. they just couldn't show it off.
It makes sense. Peasants are more important for survival in an agricultural society than an artisan. It doesn't mean the artisan was an insignificant subhuman with 0 incentives, but that the peasant had a more important job (which is arguably true)
The samurai provided protection as the leadership of the military. That and they also had a huge dick to swing around because of their influence. They served the same role and position as knights.
The mongols would have been able to conquer japan if the samurai had never existed. But the existence of merchants made absolutely no difference to this. Hence why samurai were of a higher class